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Talking about domestic wood burning

Jennifer Nixon
Jennifer Nixon • 3 January 2026

This is the theme for this year's clean air night, coming up on 22nd Jan. 

Did you know that wood burning is the most polluting way to heat your home - "For the same amount of heat or energy, burning wood releases more carbon dioxide (CO2) than oil or gas" [https://www.actionforcleanair.org.uk/campaigns/clean-air-night].  And its not just harmful to the planet, it risks health harms associated with fine particulate air pollution to those within the home, and the wider population. 

I've found this quite a tricky topic to talk about, especially having 2 wood burners in my own home. However, the more I have learnt about the planetary and health harms, the more strongly I have reached the conclusion that I just cannot justify using them any more, so this year they have become purely decorative, and have remained unlit. 

But it has taken a job in respiratory medicine, and a strong interest in sustainability, for me to discover this information, and reach this conclusion. The more people I talk to, the more I realise that most people are completely unaware of the health and planetary harms of domestic woodburning. And many people are also very emotionally attached to having a fire (as was I). For some, it is their primary source of heat, and of course it is essential that people are able to heat their homes. But for many of us, wood fires are purely for pleasure (so called 'secondary burning'). 

The Clean Air Night website (https://www.actionforcleanair.org.uk/campaigns/clean-air-night#faqs) has done a great job of summarising the key facts about domestic wood burning, to increase awareness, and answer common questions. It has also has some hugely impactful statistics, including the potential health benefits of stopping 'secondary burning' - "If people in the UK only burned wood when no other heat source is available, it could avoid more than 1,500 deaths in the UK every year and save the NHS over £54 million in healthcare costs". 

So, in the words of the Clean Air Campaign "We all want to stay warm this winter, but cosiness shouldn’t cost our health. This Clean Air Night (22 January 2026), share the facts about wood burning with your friends and family." 

https://www.actionforcleanair.org.uk/campaigns/clean-air-night 

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Comments (5)

Helena Clements
Helena Clements

Thanks for this. Absolutely behind this as a paediatrician and very much part of the RCPCH work on air pollution. The one question I haven't seen a response to is how the data re how much woodburning contributes to air pollution is calculated. For those of us who have one as secondary heating ( and yes that includes me) they tend to be lit in the evenings, weekends and holidays in the winter months so how is the data calculated, for instance there must be significant variation over the year. Do you have a specific reference about this please? I totally get all the reasons why it should not be used except as primary heating for fuel poor.
I confess that we have lit our fire twice over the festive season to accommodate a couple of large family gatherings. But happy to say that our main house is zero heating and ultra low energy and the extra body heat and cooking has given us a top up for the cold spell.

Jennifer Nixon
Jennifer Nixon

Hi Helena, great to hear the RCPCH is including this in it's work. Re data, I've taken most of my information from the clean air hub, as referenced above. There is a lot more detail in this report (which is referenced by the original clean air hub website, but it doesn't allow you to freely link to it, so direct link here), which might answer your question: https://www.actionforcleanair.org.uk/files/health_impacts_from_domestic…. It looks like they based their calculations on the 2022 UK National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) emissions (maps available at a 1 km resolution), incorporating some updates from 2023 (but the maps for 2023 weren't available at the time of writing). Hopefully you can find what you are looking for there.

And fantastic that you have a zero heating/ultra low energy house! Limiting the fire use to twice is particularly impressive in that context. To achieve the transition to clean air and zero emissions, we can't ask people to sacrifice comfort or happiness. But if we can ensure everyone has both the information and the resources to make an informed choice about how they heat their home, I am sure many more people would make the choice to reduce their domestic burning (whether that's saving it for special occasions, moving to less harmful fuel choices, or choosing to move away from domestic burning altogether).

Becky Eccleston
Becky Eccleston

Thanks for sharing this, Jennifer. We've used our log burner regularly over the winter as a secondary form of heating. I confess I've been turning a blind eye, but seeing some statistics gives this topic weight and it is clearly something we need to address at home (particularly now I am helping to drive sustainability action at work!)

Amanda Seims
Amanda Seims

Thanks for sharing Jennifer. For many years I have longed for a house with a wood burner after visiting many friends' homes with them. My new home has one but it's unsafe to use and I'd planned to replace it. The upfront cost has felt very prohibitive and now I've read this, it's really confirmed my underlying concerns for indoor and outdoor air quality. As disappointing as it is, I think it's swayed me to go back to the bioethanol stove option...


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